Helical staircase by Borromini

Inside Palazzo Barberini, one of the most fascinating Baroque buildings in Rome, is an architectural masterpiece: the Helicoidal Staircase by Francesco Borromini. This extraordinary staircase, designed between 1638 and 1643, represents one of the most innovative and spectacular examples of Baroque architecture, demonstrating Borromini’s genius in the use of space, light and geometric forms.

A masterpiece of engineering and lightness

The helical staircase unfolds with a spiral structure that appears to climb effortlessly to the upper floor. Unlike traditional staircases of the time, this one has no central pillar, but is supported by a sophisticated interplay of pushes and counterweights. Slender travertine columns support lowered arches that accompany the ascending movement of the staircase, creating an effect of lightness and fluidity.

Borromini, known for his ability to transform architectural elements into dynamic experiences, conceived of this staircase not only as a functional passageway, but as a work of art in itself. Natural light, filtered through the side openings, helps to enhance the forms, creating an alternation of chiaroscuro that gives depth and movement to the structure.

Differences with Bernini’s Scalone

Palazzo Barberini houses another monumental staircase, designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, located in the opposite wing of the building. Unlike Borromini’s staircase, Bernini’s is wider, solemn, and rigorous, reflecting the architect’s more theatrical and imposing style. The Helicoidal Staircase, on the other hand, with its slimmer proportions and harmonious ascending rhythm, shows Borromini’s more experimental and visionary approach.

A unique experience for visitors

The Helicoidal Staircase is not only an architectural element of passage, but a real point of interest within Palazzo Barberini. Its elegant structure and the sense of movement it conveys make it one of the most photographed corners of the palace. Walking up this staircase is an experience that provides insight into Borromini’s technical skill and creativity, in a context that celebrates the Baroque in all its expressiveness.